Self-Efficacy in University Learning and Teaching: A PRISMA-Guided Systematic Review of its Multifaceted Dimensions
Keywords:
self-efficacy; university learning and teaching; systematic review; PRISMAAbstract
This paper presents a systematic review of empirical research from 2020 to 2024 related to self-efficacy to illustrate the various roles of self-efficacy as an independent, mediating, and dependent variable in various aspects of university learning and teaching. Seventy-five peer-reviewed studies were selected following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guideline and analysed through a combined narrative and thematic approach. The final findings reveal that various forms of self-efficacy, namely, academic, digital, research, and entrepreneurial, could consistently predict positive academic achievement, engagement, and self-regulation. Self-efficacy is a significant mediator between instructional design, pedagogical support, learning environments, individual motivation, and performance, although these connections have not been thoroughly explored. The improvement of self-efficacy is influenced by educational, technological, and social factors in the digital and post-pandemic environment. In theory, these findings suggest that self-efficacy should be embedded in larger motivational and situational frameworks. In practice, the importance of gaining experience, formative feedback, digital abilities, and supportive institutional atmospheres is emphasised. However, current literature is limited by cross-sectional methods, conceptual ambiguity between specific domain structures, and limited cross-cultural perspectives. Addressing these methodological, conceptual, and contextual gaps will provide a more comprehensive and integrated explanation for the development of self-efficacy and its interaction as a predictor, mediator, and outcome in higher education systems.
https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.24.12.22
References
Abanto-Ramirez, C. D., Turpo-Chaparro, J. E., Apaza, A., & López-Gonzales, J. L. (2024). Disposition to critical thinking, anxiety due to COVID-19 and academic self-efficacy in university students. Frontiers in Education, 9, Article 1125889. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1125889
Ajala, E. B., Adebayo-Atchrimi, I., & Eromosele, P. O. (2023). The effect of computer self-efficacy and utilisation of electronic information resources by students of a Nigerian university. African Journal of Library, Archives and Information Science, 33(2), 231–243. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajlais.v33i2.8
Akanni, A. (2022). Life satisfaction and engagement among university undergraduates: A moderated mediation model of academic self-efficacy and life orientation. Journal of Educational, Cultural and Psychological Studies (ECPS Journal), (25), 161–174. https://doi.org/10.7358/ecps-2022-025-akan
Al-Qadasi, N., Zhang, G., Al-Jubari, I., Al-Awlaqi, M. A., & Aamer, A. M. (2024). Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial behaviour: Do self-efficacy and attitude matter? The International Journal of Management Education, 22(1), Article 100945. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2024.100945
Al-Qadri, A. H., Mouas, S., Saraa, N., & Boudouaia, A. (2024). Measuring academic self-efficacy and learning outcomes: The mediating role of university English students’ academic commitment. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 9(1), Article 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-024-00253-5
Alamri, H. (2023). Instructors’ self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and challenges in transitioning to online learning. Education and Information Technologies, 28(11), 15031–15066. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11677-w
Aldarmahi, A., Fasfous, I., Abuarab, N., Alkusayer, A., & Ahmed, M. (2023). Inclusion of academic self-efficacy, motivation, and engagement with the pre-university cognitive ability to predict students’ university GPA. International Journal of Innovation and Learning, 33(3), 269–282. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijil.2023.130102
Aldayel, S. (2022). The effectiveness of using mobile interactive voice assistant applications in developing academic self-efficacy of Saudi university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Information Sciences Letters, 11(6), 2299–2311. https://doi.org/10.18576/isl/110636
Alismail, A. M. (2024). The relative contribution of psychological empowerment in predicting academic self-efficacy among graduate students at the College of Education at King Faisal University. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(4), 778–796. https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i4.3579
Alkhutaba, M. (2022). Social intelligence and general self-efficacy as predictors of public speaking skills among university students. World Journal of English Language, 12(8), 189–189. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v12n8p189
Alrashed, Y. (2023). The influence of a service-learning program on developing self-efficacy among students of Abdulrahman bin Faisal University in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Learning and Change, 15(3), 302–311. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijlc.2023.130651
Alshaikh, A. (2023). The impact of KWL plus strategy on the development of perceived self-efficacy among students in the Biology Department at Prince Sattam bin Abdul-Aziz University (PSAU)—Al-Kharj Governorate. The International Journal of Pedagogy and Curriculum, 30(1), 37–53. https://doi.org/10.18848/2327-7963/CGP/v30i01/37-53
Apridayani, A., & Teo, A. (2021). The interplay among SRL strategies, English self-efficacy, and English proficiency of Thai university students. Studies in English Language and Education, 8(3), 1123–1143. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v8i3.20213
Arianfar, A., & Seyf, M. H. (2020). A causal relationship model of self-regulated learning and future orientation: The mediating role of academic self-efficacy and task value among masters of medical education (virtual) in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Medical Education Development, 13(38), 45–54. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/A-Causal-Relationship-Model-of-Self-regulated-and-Arianfar-Seyf/02d4cf2c504f8560973ed4a3cc680c1fdeb67f12
Arias, P. L., Camacho-Vega, D.-O., Martínez, Y., Delgadillo, M. G., Ponce, S., & Trejo, S. (2024). Computer-supported collaborative learning as a predictor of self-efficacy and epistemic emotions in higher education students in Mexico. Anthropological Researches and Studies, 14(1), 40–51. https://doi.org/10.26758/14.1.4
Aromataris, E., Fernandez, R., Godfrey, C. M., Holly, C., Khalil, H., & Tungpunkom, P. (2015). Summarizing systematic reviews: Methodological development, conduct and reporting of an umbrella review approach. JBI Evidence Implementation, 13(3), 132–140. https://doi.org/10.1097/XEB.0000000000000055
Aromataris, E., Lockwood, C., Porritt, K., Pilla, B., & Jordan, Z. (Eds.). (2024). JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis (2024 ed.). JBI. https://doi.org/10.46658/JBIMES-24-01
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191–215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.84.2.191
Bandura, A., & National Inst of Mental Health. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control (Vol. 11). Freeman.
Bandura, A. (2006). Toward a psychology of human agency [Review]. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(2), 164–180.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00011.x
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Bubou, G. M., & Job, G. C. (2022). Individual innovativeness, self-efficacy and e-learning readiness of students of Yenagoa Study Centre, National Open University of Nigeria. Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching & Learning, 15(1), 2–22. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIT-12-2019-0079
Carter, M. D. K. (2022). Paths from spiritual support to college self-efficacy in southeastern Christian and southeastern public university students. Journal of Curriculum Studies Research, 4(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.46303/jcsr.2022.2
Chathuranga, M. M. N., Gunawardena, H. N. R., & Dissanayake, T. W. M. P. S. (2024). Demographic influences on students’ self-efficacy for LGBTQ+ inclusion: A quantitative study in higher education in Sri Lanka. Studies in Higher Education, 50(11), 2431–2447. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2024.2415378
Cho, H., & Lee, Y. H. (2023). Enhancing university students’ academic self-efficacy: The roles of leisure experience, nostalgia, and positive emotions. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 45(4), 1163–1177. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2023.2270172
Chu, P., Jiang, Z., Xiao, X., Liang, X., Chen, J., & Chiang, F.-K. (2024). Exploring the entrepreneurial self-efficacy of STEM students within the context of an informal STEM education programme. Research in Science Education, 55(1), 41–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-024-10178-1
Cooper, H. (2015). Research synthesis and meta-analysis: A step-by-step approach (Vol. 2). Sage Publications.
Covarrubias, Apablaza, C. G., Pavez Salinas, P., Venegas-Ramos, L., & Mendoza Lira, M. (2024). The influence of self-efficacy on academic goals and the mediating role of self-regulation of learning in a sample of university students. Revista de Investigacion Educativa, 42(2), Article 597871. https://doi.org/10.6018/rie.597871
Demirelli, E. G., & Karacay, P. (2024). Factors associated with nursing students’ online learning self-efficacy: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Nurse Education Today, 132, Article 106029. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2023.106029
Deng, J., Liu, Y., Chen, R., & Wang, Y. (2023). The relationship between physical activity and life satisfaction among university students in China: The mediating role of self-efficacy and resilience. Behavioral Sciences, 13(11), Article 889. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13110889
Elnadi, M., & Gheith, M. H. (2021). Entrepreneurial ecosystem, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention in higher education: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), Article 100458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2021.100458
En-Chong, L. (2021). Effects of rubric-based and detailed peer feedback on university-level English as a foreign language students’ writing self-efficacy and subsequent revisions. English Teaching & Learning, 46(1), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42321-021-00088-0
Erzen, E., & Ozabaci, N. (2021). Effects of personality traits, social support and self-efficacy on predicting university adjustment. Journal of Education, 203(2), 353–366. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220574211025059
Falagas, M. E., Pitsouni, E. I., Malietzis, G. A., & Pappas, G. (2008). Comparison of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar: Strengths and weaknesses. The FASEB Journal, 22(2), 338–342. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.07-9492LSF
Farhang, R., Zamani Ahari, U., Ghasemi, S., Kamran, A., & Hwang, G.-J. (2020). The relationship between learning styles and career decision-making self-efficacy among medicine and dentistry students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. Education Research International, 2020, Article 6662634. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6662634
Farshad, F., Kheirkhah, M., Virtanen, J., & Hessari, H. (2023). Role of the educational atmosphere on self-efficacy among dental students. Strides in Development in Medical Education, 20(1), 137–144. https://doi.org/10.22062/sdme.2023.198514.1206
Gan, Z., Hu, G., Wang, W., Nang, H., & An, Z. (2020). Feedback behaviour and preference in university academic English courses: Associations with English language self-efficacy. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 46(5), 740–755. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2020.1810628
Gazo, A. M., Mahasneh, A. M., Abood, M. H., & Muhediat, F. A. (2020). Social self-efficacy and its relationship to loneliness and Internet addiction among Hashemite University students. International Journal of Higher Education, 9(2), 144–155. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v9n2p144
Griffiths, T.-L., Dickinson, J., & Day, C. J. (2021). Exploring the relationship between extracurricular activities and student self-efficacy within university. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 45(9), 1294–1309. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2021.1951687
Gupta, P., & Prashar, A. (2024). Learners’ psychological needs in online learning environment for executive education: Role of cognitive overload and learning self-efficacy. Behaviour & Information Technology, 44(9), 1942–1963. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929x.2024.2383777
Hakyemez, T. C., & Mardikiyan, S. (2021). The interplay between institutional integration and self-efficacy in the academic performance of first-year university students: A multigroup approach. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), Article 100430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2020.100430
Hamdan, K. M., Al-Bashaireh, A. M., Zahran, Z., Al-Daghestani, A., Al-Habashneh, S., & Shaheen, A. M. (2021). University students’ interaction, Internet self-efficacy, self-regulation and satisfaction with online education during pandemic crises of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2). International Journal of Educational Management, 35(3), 713–725. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-11-2020-0513
Hoang, G., Le, T. T. T., Tran, A. K. T., & Du, T. (2020). Entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions of university students in Vietnam: The mediating roles of self-efficacy and learning orientation. Education + Training, 63(1), 115–133. https://doi.org/10.1108/et-05-2020-0142
Honicke, T., & Broadbent, J. (2016). The influence of academic self-efficacy on academic performance: A systematic review. Educational Research Review, 17, 63–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2015.11.002
Huang, L., & Wang, D. (2023). Socioeconomic status and students’ mental health during the COVID-19 university closure: Mediating roles of perceived social support and self-efficacy. Behavioral Sciences, 13(10), Article 871. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13100871
Hussein Alkhatib, M. A. (2020). Investigate the relation between psychological well-being, self-efficacy and positive thinking at Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University students. International Journal of Higher Education, 9(4), 138–152. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v9n4p138
Iraola-Real, I., Vasquez, C., Diaz-Leon, I., & Iraola-Arroyo, A. (2023). Self-efficacy and digital anxiety and their influence on virtual educational performance: A diagnostic study in a sample of students from a private university in Lima--Peru. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 18(9), 165–179. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v18i09.36183
Jeffords, J. R., Bayly, B. L., Bumpus, M. F., & Hill, L. G. (2020). Investigating the relationship between university students’ psychological flexibility and college self-efficacy. Journal of College Student Retention, Theory & Practice, 22(2), 351–372. https://doi.org/10.1177/1521025117751071
Kanar, A., & Bouckenooghe, D. (2021). The role of extracurricular activities in shaping university students’ employment self-efficacy perceptions. Career Development International, 26(2), 158–173. https://doi.org/10.1108/cdi-02-2020-0036
Kong, L., Chu, Z., & Li, Y. (2021). A study of effects of e-learning based exploratory education on students’ self-efficacy and interpersonal relationship. Revista de Cercetare si Interventie Sociala, 72, 33–43. https://doi.org/10.33788/rcis.72.2
Li, H., Gan, Z., Leung, S. O., & An, Z. (2022). The impact of reading strategy instruction on reading comprehension, strategy use, motivation, and self-efficacy in Chinese university EFL students. SAGE Open, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221086659
Li, Y. (2024). The impact of cyber entrepreneurship education on Chinese college students’ self-efficacy and intention in cyber entrepreneurship. Education + Training, 66(2/3), 252–272. https://doi.org/10.1108/et-05-2023-0208
Lin, S., Mastrokoukou, S., Longobardi, C., Bozzato, P., Gastaldi, F. G. M., & Berchiatti, M. (2022). Students’ transition into higher education: The role of self?efficacy, regulation strategies, and academic achievements. Higher Education Quarterly, 77(1), 121–137. https://doi.org/10.1111/hequ.12374
Liu, L., Xi, L., & Yongshun, W. (2021). Student self-efficacy on personal and social responsibility within a sport education model. Revista de Cercetare si Interventie Sociala, 72, 236–247. https://doi.org/10.33788/rcis.72.15
Liu, M. (2023). Chinese university students’ beliefs about English language learning and self-efficacy. Theory and Practice of Second Language Acquisition, 9(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.31261/TAPSLA.12797
Luo, L., Guo, M., Huang, J., & Yang, J. (2022). Research on the effect of an entrepreneurial environment on college students’ entrepreneurial self-efficacy: The mediating effect of entrepreneurial competence and moderating effect of entrepreneurial education. Sustainability, 14(11), Article 6744. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14116744
Ma, X., Zhang, H., Zhou, X., & Bo, L. (2024). Investigating the learning self-efficacy of a fully online teaching environment among undergraduate Chinese medical students: A cross-sectional study. BMC Medical Education, 24(1), Article 912. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-05890-5
Makhitha, K. M. (2024). The mediation of self-efficacy in the effect of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurship intention of university students in South Africa. International Journal of Education and Practice, 12(4), 1339–1357. https://doi.org/10.18488/61.v12i4.3914
Mana, A., Saka, N., Dahan, O., Ben-Simon, A., & Margalit, M. (2020). Implicit theories, social support, and hope as serial mediators for predicting academic self-efficacy among higher education students. Learning Disability Quarterly, 45(2), 85–95. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731948720918821
Mendoza, L., Lehtonen, T., Lindblom-Ylänne, S., & Hyytinen, H. (2022). Exploring first-year university students’ learning journals: Conceptions of second language self-concept and self-efficacy for academic writing. System, 106, Article 102759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2022.102759
Michael, R., Levi-Keren, M., Efrati-Virtzer, M., & Cinamon, R. G. (2020). The contribution of field experience in special education programs and personal variables to the teaching self-efficacy of higher education students. Teacher Development, 24(2), 223–241. https://doi.org/10.1080/13664530.2020.1740311
Mongeon, P., & Paul-Hus, A. (2016). The journal coverage of Web of Science and Scopus: A comparative analysis. Scientometrics, 106(1), 213–228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1765-5
Mousavi-Nasab, S. M. H., & Shamsi Nezhad, M. (2020). Comparison of academic motivation, academic self-efficacy, and optimism among first- and fifth-year professional doctorate students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Strides in Development of Medical Education, 17(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.22062/SDME.2020.91481
Mtebe, J. S. (2020). Examining eLearning system self-efficacy amongst instructors at the University of Dodoma, Tanzania. Open Praxis, 12(3), 343–357. https://doi.org/10.5944/openpraxis.12.3.1103
Ndiango, S., Kumburu, N. P., & Jaffu, R. (2023). Research self-efficacy and research productivity: Evidence from academics in Tanzanian public higher education institutions. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 16(2), 510–522. https://doi.org/10.1108/jarhe-09-2022-0308
Neroni, J., Meijs, C., Kirschner, P. A., Xu, K. M., & de Groot, R. H. M. (2022). Academic self-efficacy, self-esteem, and grit in higher online education: Consistency of interests predicts academic success. Social Psychology of Education, 25(4), 951–975. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-022-09696-5
Nguyen, N. N., Le, T. T. T., Thi Nguyen, B.-P., & Nguyen, A. (2022). Examining effects of students’ innovative behaviour and problem-solving skills on crisis management self-efficacy: Policy implications for higher education. Policy Futures in Education, 22(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1177/14782103221133892
Omotunde, O. I. (2022). Self-efficacy and job performance of librarians in university libraries in Nigeria. International Information & Library Review, 54(4), 325–340. https://doi.org/10.1080/10572317.2022.2035887
Oulhou, H., & Ibourk, A. (2023). Perceived effectiveness of entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial mindset, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention among Moroccan university students: A correlational study. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 8(1), Article 100719. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100719
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li., T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., … Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, Article 71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Panadero, E., García-Pérez, D., Fernández Ruiz, J., Fraile, J., Sánchez-Iglesias, I., & Brown, G. T. L. (2023). Feedback and year level effects on university students’ self-efficacy and emotions during self-assessment: Positive impact of rubrics vs. instructor feedback. Educational Psychology, 43(7), 756–779. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2023.2254015
Pang, H.-P., & Veloo, A. (2024). The relation between learning engagement and academic self-efficacy toward academic achievement among university students. Qubahan Academic Journal, 4(2), 170–183. https://doi.org/10.48161/qaj.v4n2a512
Plakhotnik, M. S., Krylova, A. V., & Maslikova, A. D. (2020). Does participation in case competitions improve career decision-making self-efficacy of university students? Education + Training, 62(6), 659–675. https://doi.org/10.1108/et-01-2020-0021
Pradana, D. A., & Susanti, H. D. (2024). Leveraging online platforms for coach-peer conferences among university student entrepreneurs: Building entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 15(2), 384–402. https://doi.org/10.1108/heswbl-05-2024-0128
Punjani, K. K., & Mahadevan, K. (2022). Transitioning to online learning in higher education: Influence of awareness of COVID-19 and self-efficacy on perceived net benefits and intention. Education and Information Technologies, 27(1), 291–320. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10665-2
Rasheed, T., & Ahmed, S. (2024). Online information retrieval self-efficacy of library professionals: A predictor of patrons’ satisfaction in university libraries. Digital Library Perspectives, 40(2), 264–281. https://doi.org/10.1108/dlp-12-2023-0108
Rathbone, J., Albarqouni, L., Bakhit, M., Beller, E., Byambasuren, O., Hoffmann, T., Scott, A. M., & Glasziou, P. (2017). Expediting citation screening using PICo-based title-only screening for identifying studies in scoping searches and rapid reviews. Systematic Reviews, 6(1), Article 233. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-017-0629-x
Rethlefsen, M. L., Kirtley, S., Waffenschmidt, S., Ayala, A. P., Moher, D., Page, M. J., & Koffel, J. B. (2021). PRISMA-S: An extension to the PRISMA statement for reporting literature searches in systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews, 10(1), Article 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01542-z
Sagone, E., & Indiana, M. L. (2023). The roles of academic self-efficacy and intolerance of uncertainty on decisional procrastination in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Education Sciences, 13(5), Article 476. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13050476
Sarani, A., Mousavi, S. H., Salahi, S., Hasani, F., Abdar, Z. E., & Sheikhbardsiri, H. (2020). Emotional intelligence and self-efficacy among deputy’s administrative staff of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 9(1), Article 105. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_482_19
Schunk, D. H. (1981). Modeling and attributional effects on children’s achievement: A self-efficacy analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 73(1), 93–105. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.73.1.93
Schunk, D. H., & DiBenedetto, M. K. (2020). Motivation and social cognitive theory. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 60, Article 101832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2019.101832
Scott, T., Guan, W., Han, H., Zou, X., & Chen, Y. (2023). The impact of academic optimism, institutional policy and support, and self-efficacy on university instructors’ continuous professional development in Mainland China. SAGE Open, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231153339
Sendogdu, A. A., & Koyuncuoglu, O. (2021). An analysis of the relationship between university students’ views on distance education and their computer self-efficacy. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 10(1), 113?131. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijemst.1794
Shaikh, I. M., Alsharief, A., Amin, H., Noordin, K., & Shaikh, J. (2023). Inspiring academic confidence in university students: Perceived digital experience as a source of self-efficacy. On the Horizon: The International Journal of Learning Futures, 31(2), 110?122. https://doi.org/10.1108/oth-05-2022-0028
Sun, W., & Shi, H. (2024). Fostering success in online English education: Exploring the effects of ICT literacy, online learning self-efficacy, and motivation on deep learning. Education and Information Technologies, 29(18), 24899–24920. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12827-4
Tak, C. C., Zulnaidi, H., Eu, L. K., & Feng, S. P. (2023). Mediating role of metacognitive awareness between self-efficacy and mathematics reasoning among education undergraduate students during pandemic. Journal of Higher Education Theory & Practice, 23(6). https://doi.org/10.33423/jhetp.v23i6.5959
Tomás, J.-M., Gutiérrez, M., & Alberola, S. (2023). Social support, self-efficacy and academic satisfaction of university students during the COVID-19 lockdown. Estudios Sobre Educacion, 44, 59–80. https://doi.org/10.15581/004.44.003
Ulfatun, T., Septiyanti, F., & Lesmana, A. G. (2021). University students’ online learning self-efficacy and self-regulated learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 11(12), 597–602. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/355707332
Van Canegem, T., Vandelannote, I., Van Houtte, M., & Demanet, J. (2023). Retained for life: A longitudinal study on the effects of grade retention in secondary education on higher education enrollment and self-efficacy. Social Psychology of Education, 27(4), 1673–1703. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-023-09875-y
Wang, X.-M., Huang, X.-T., & Zhou, W.-Q. (2024). The effect of university students’ self-efficacy on problem-solving disposition: The chained dual mediating role of metacognition disposition and critical thinking disposition. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 54, Article 101658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2024.101658
Wang, Y.-S., Liu, L., Wei, X.-W., & Block, M. E. (2020). The self-efficacy of preservice physical education teachers in disabilities education in China. Sustainability, 12(18), Article 7283. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187283
Xiao, B., & Song, G. (2022). Association between self-efficacy and learning conformity among Chinese university students: Differences by gender. Sustainability, 14(14), Article 8725. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148725
Yesmin, M. N., Hossain, M. A., Islam, M. S., Rahman, M. M., Jahan, N., & Kim, M. (2024). Entrepreneurial intentions and the role of educational and social support: Do the self-efficacy and the theory of planned behavior variables matter? RAUSP Management Journal, 59(4), 366–385. https://doi.org/10.1108/RAUSP-03-2024-0053
Yüce, E. (2023). The role of learning climate on self-efficacy beliefs and self-perceived communication competences of EFL learners in higher education. Porta Linguarum Revista Interuniversitaria de Didáctica de las Lenguas Extranjeras, 39, 231–247. https://doi.org/10.30827/portalin.vi39.24106
Yusoff, N. R. N., Mahfar, M., Saud, M. S., & Senin, A. A. (2024). Effects of career readiness module on career self-efficacy among university students. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 13(1), 311–320. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v13i1.25257
Zeidi, I. M., Divsalar, S., Morshedi, H., & Alizadeh, H. (2020). The effectiveness of group cognitive-behavioral therapy on general self-efficacy, self-control, and Internet addiction prevalence among medical university students. Asian Journal of Social Health and Behavior, 3(3), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.4103/SHB.SHB_20_20
Zimmerman, W. A., & Kulikowich, J. M. (2016). Online learning self-efficacy in students with and without online learning experience. American Journal of Distance Education, 30(3), 180–191. https://doi.org/10.1080/08923647.2016.1193801
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Xiaoyuan Xu, Zuraidah Binti Abdullah, Muhammad Danial Bin Azman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
All articles published by IJLTER are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No-Derivatives 4.0 International License (CCBY-NC-ND4.0).
