Two Decades of Academic Writing Assessment in Higher Education: A Bibliometric and Technological Trend Analysis of Scopus (2000-2025)

Authors

  • Zain Syaifudin Nakrowi
  • Nana Triana Winata
  • Alfrits Lumettu

Keywords:

Academic Writing Assessment; Bibliometric Analysis; Digital Technology; Research Trends; Higher Education

Abstract

Academic Writing Assessment (AWA) in higher education is essential for students, educators, and institutional stakeholders, as it not only evaluates students’ writing proficiency but also informs pedagogical practices and supports ongoing curriculum development. Despite an expanding body of literature in this domain, comprehensive bibliometric studies that systematically map the publication landscape, identify influential contributors, and trace the evolution of research themes remain scarce. This study addresses this gap by conducting a systematic bibliometric analysis of AWA research in higher education, examining publication trends, thematic development, and key authorship from 2000 to 2025. A total of 545 Scopus-indexed journal articles were analyzed using VOSviewer, Biblioshiny-R, Microsoft Excel, and OpenRefine. The results indicate a consistent growth in publications, particularly after 2010, with a marked surge since 2018. Teng M.F was identified as the most prolific author, offering future researchers clear reference points for seminal works in the field. The most cited publication, Strobl with 212 citations, examined the integration of digital technologies in academic writing. Geographically, the United Kingdom accounted for the highest publication output. Thematic analysis revealed central topics including "academic writing," "higher education," and "assessment," alongside emerging themes such as "collaborative learning," "ChatGPT," "artificial intelligence," and "academic integrity." Current trends suggest that technological integration is reshaping AWA, frequently prioritizing efficiency and measurable outcomes over students’ metacognitive, literacy, critical thinking, and analytical development. These findings highlight the need for more holistic assessment approaches that consider both the processes and outcomes of academic writing. Future research should integrate evaluations of writing processes, learning outcomes, and technological applications to foster a comprehensive understanding of AWA in higher education.

https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.24.10.13

References

Abdullah, A. G., Hakim, D. L., Sugito, N. T., & Zakaria, D. (2023). Investigating Evolutionary Trends of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems: A Bibliometric Analysis from 2004 to 2021. International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.20508/ijrer.v13i1.13766.g8690

Al-Hammadi, F., & Sidek, H. M. (2015). An analytical framework for analysing secondary EFL writing curriculum: Approaches for writing and preparation for higher education. International Education Studies, 8(1), 59–70. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v8n1p59

Aria, M., & Cuccurullo, C. (2017). bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959–975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007

Badley, G. (2009). A reflective essaying model for higher education. Education + Training. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400910910964548

Barreda-Parra, A., Núñez-Pacheco, R., Turpo-Gebera, O., Diaz-Zavala, R., & Esquivel-Las Heras, J. (2023). Percepción de la escritura académica en estudiantes universitarios. HUMAN REVIEW. International Humanities Review / Revista Internacional de Humanidades, 21(2). https://doi.org/10.37467/revhuman.v21.5076

Bezus, N. S., Mekeko, N. M., & Akbilek, E. (2021). Digital Resources for Learning and Teaching Academic Writing in English. ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 53–59. https://doi.org/10.1145/3450148.3450206

Bolsunovskaya, L. M., & Rymanova, I. E. (2020). Academic writing: Difficulties and possible solutions for engineering students. Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii, 29(10), 77–85. https://doi.org/10.31992/0869-3617-2020-29-10-77-85

Borglin, G., & Fagerström, C. (2012). Nursing students’ understanding of critical thinking and appraisal and academic writing: A descriptive, qualitative study. Nurse Education in Practice, 12(6), 356–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2012.04.009

Callies, M., Zaytseva, E., & Present-Thomas, R. (2013). Writing assessment in higher education: Making the framework work. Dutch Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1075/dujal.2.1.03cal

Collett, K. S., & Dison, A. (2019). Decentering and recentering the writing centre using online feedback: Towards a collaborative model of integrating academic literacies development. Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics Plus, 57, 79–98. https://doi.org/10.5774/57-0-811

Crosthwaite, P., Ningrum, S., & Lee, I. (2022). Research trends in L2 written corrective feedback: A bibliometric analysis of three decades of Scopus-indexed research on L2 WCF. Journal of Second Language Writing, 58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2022.100934

Cui, Y. (2025). What influences college students using AI for academic writing? - A quantitative analysis based on HISAM and TRI theory. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2025.100391

Doenyas, C., Tunay Gül, Z., & Alc?, B. (2023). A non-Western adaptation of the Situated Academic Writing Self-Efficacy Scale (SAWSES). Assessing Writing, 57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asw.2023.100763

Dong, J., Zhao, Y., & Buckingham, L. (2024). Thirty years of writing assessment: A bibliometric analysis of research trends and future directions. Assessing Writing, 61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asw.2024.100862

Gao, Y., Gan, L., & Wang, K. (2025). The impact of collaborative versus individual electronic notetaking on academic writing skills among graduate students: A call-based study. Education and Information Technologies, 30(5), 6367–6398. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-13064-5

García-Gorrostieta, J. M., López-López, A., & González-López, S. (2018). Automatic argument assessment of final project reports of computer engineering students. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 26(5), 1217–1226. https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.21996

Gardner, S., & Nesi, H. (2013). A classification of genre families in university student writing. Applied Linguistics, 34(1), 25–52. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/ams024

Gralha, J. G., & Pimentel, A. S. (2024). Gotcha GPT: Ensuring the Integrity in Academic Writing. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, 64(21), 8091–8097. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.4c01203

Hyland, K. (2015). Teaching and researching writing. Routledge. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3IeUQPS

Hernández, R. G., Pérez Acuña, C., & Aedo Carreño, V. (2023). Use of Rubrics for the Evaluation of Academic Texts: A Challenge in Nursing Education. Horizonte de Enfermeria, 34(3), 732–742. https://doi.org/10.7764/Horiz_Enferm.34.3.732-742

Huisman, B., Saab, N., van den Broek, P., & van Driel, J. (2019). The impact of formative peer feedback on higher education students’ academic writing: a Meta-Analysis. Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, 44(6), 863–880. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2018.1545896

Indriani, L., Surjono, H. D., & Putro, N. H. P. S. (2025). Developing a Blended Collaborative Writing Instruction model for academic writing classes. International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies, 8(1), 2554–2574. https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v8i1.5031

Jaja. (2024). Research Trends on Students’ Writing Skills: A Bibliometric Analysis Using Scopus Database. In Journal of Language and Education (Vol. 10, Issue 3, pp. 161–182). National Research University, Higher School of Econoimics. https://doi.org/10.17323/jle.2024.18806

Kafri, B. A. (2022). Critical thinking (CT) in sustainable higher education: Ensuring consistent CT perception-practice and identifying gaps between college instructors’ and students’ perceptions in advanced academic writing courses in the UAE. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2022.101182

Khojasteh, L., Kafipour, R., Pakdel, F., & Mukundan, J. (2025). Empowering medical students with AI writing co-pilots: design and validation of AI self-assessment toolkit. BMC Medical Education, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-025-06753-3

Kumar, S., Ranjan, N., Parashar, B. B., & Verma, C. P. (2020). A path from academic writing to publication: A researcher must know. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(8 Special Issue), 2183–2204. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85084701461&partnerID=40&md5=cefaa605af5a859c28bdfac2ca07b7be

Kusmanto, H., Zamzani, Z., & Suryaman, M. (2024). Unleashing the secrets of academic writing: exploring Indonesian language courses in higher education. Journal of Education and Learning, 18(4), 1166–1172. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v18i4.21662

Kyle, K. (2020). The relationship between features of source text use and integrated writing quality. Assessing Writing, 45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asw.2020.100467

Ma, L. P. F. (2019). Academic writing support through individual consultations: EAL doctoral student experiences and evaluation. Journal of Second Language Writing, 43, 72–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2017.11.006

Maksum, G., Muhtolib, Mahmurudin, Sulaeman, Wiwi Pertiwi, Hidayatul Azizah Gazali, Raudhatul Husna, Zuhrupatul Jannah, Agus Supriadi, Istiqomah, Muzna Attamimi, A. Syaiful Fahmi, Salman Ali, & Dewanti Srihati. (2025). Religious values as foundations of education: Insights from teachers’ perspectives. Research Journal in Advanced Humanities, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.58256/tb06n075

Moorhouse, B. L., Wan, Y., Wu, C., Wu, M., & Ho, T. Y. (2025). Generative AI tools and empowerment in L2 academic writing. System, 133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2025.103779

Nazari, N., Shabbir, M. S., & Setiawan, R. (2021). Application of Artificial Intelligence powered digital writing assistant in higher education: randomized controlled trial. Heliyon, 7(5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07014

Olivier, L. (2022). Multimodal Composition Pedagogy in Higher Education: A Paradigm Shift. Per Linguam, 37(2), 13–31. https://doi.org/10.5785/37-2-996

Parker, J. L., Becker, K., & Carroca, C. (2023). ChatGPT for Automated Writing Evaluation in Scholarly Writing Instruction. Journal of Nursing Education, 62(12), 721–727. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20231006-02

Plakans, L. (2008). Comparing composing processes in writing-only and reading-to-write test tasks. Assessing Writing, 13(2), 111–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asw.2008.07.001

Plakans, L. (2009). Discourse synthesis in integrated second language writing assessment. Language Testing, 26(4), 561–587. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265532209340192

Qin, Y., Xu, Z., Wang, X., & Škare, M. (2022). Green energy adoption and its determinants: A bibliometric analysis. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111780

Riwayatiningsih, R., Yuliasri, I., Rukmini, D., & Pratama, H. (2025). The Differential Impact of Specific Metacognitive Strategies on EFL Academic Writing Performance. Forum for Linguistic Studies, 7(1), 219–231. https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v7i1.7986

Sadler, R. D. (2012). Assessment, evaluation and quality assurance: Implications for integrity in reporting academic achievement in higher education. Education Inquiry, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.3402/edui.v3i2.22028

Santoso, H., Harjati, P., Sujarwanta, A., Achyani, & Sutanto, A. (2025). Unveiling Research Gaps in Biology Teaching Materials for Secondary Science Education: A Bibliometric Review of Scopus (2000–2024). International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 24(6), 689–709. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.24.6.32

Sparks, J. R., Song, Y., Brantley, W., & Liu, O. L. (2014). Assessing Written Communication in Higher Education: Review and Recommendations for Next-Generation Assessment. ETS Research Report Series, 2014(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/ets2.12035

Storch, N. (2009). The impact of studying in a second language (L2) medium university on the development of L2 writing. Journal of Second Language Writing, 18(2), 103–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2009.02.003

Strobl, C., Ailhaud, E., Benetos, K., Devitt, A., Kruse, O., Proske, A., & Rapp, C. (2019). Digital support for academic writing: A review of technologies and pedagogies. Computers and Education, 131, 33–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2018.12.005

Sun, Y., & Lan, G. (2023). A bibliometric analysis on L2 writing in the first 20 years of the 21st century: Research impacts and research trends. Journal of Second Language Writing, 59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2023.100963

Teng, L. S., & Zhang, L. J. (2020). Empowering learners in the second/foreign language classroom: Can self-regulated learning strategies-based writing instruction make a difference? Journal of Second Language Writing, 48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2019.100701

Teng, M. F., & Ying, Z. (2023). Assessing self-regulated writing strategies, self-efficacy, task complexity, and performance in English academic writing. Assessing Writing, 57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asw.2023.100728

Teng, M. F., & Yue, M. (2023). Metacognitive writing strategies, critical thinking skills, and academic writing performance: A structural equation modeling approach. Metacognition and Learning, 18(1), 237–260. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-022-09328-5

Therova, D. (2023). Core Academic Vocabulary in Four Genres of Novice Student Writing. TESL-EJ, 27(1). https://doi.org/10.55593/ej.27105a8

Tohirin, Mustafa, F., Emha, R. M., Jarudin, Afiyah, N., Ulfah, F. N., Solahudin, A., Irma, A., Kirom, T. T. A.., Mawar, A., Aljihaad, M. M., Sari, R. P., & Junaidi, F. (2025). Instilling religious values in young learners: A narrative exploration of teachers’ roles and realities. Research Journal in Advanced Humanities, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.58256/d3rkh879

Tonogbanua, J. R. (2018). Exploring collaborative E-portfolio project for teaching and learning academic writing. Asian EFL Journal, 20(12), 173–193. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85060692664&partnerID=40&md5=05efe3a694c1c0da0ffe3df809b9a430

van Eck, N. J., & Waltman, L. (2010). Software survey: VOSviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping. Scientometrics, 84(2), 523–538. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0146-3

Wingate, U. (2012). Using Academic Literacies and genre-based models for academic writing instruction: A “literacy” journey. Journal of English for Academic Purposes. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2011.11.006

Wolf, M. K., & Oh, S. (2024). Investigating the types and use of feedback in middle-school English language learners’ academic writing. Language Learning and Technology, 28(1), 1–25. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85216087586&partnerID=40&md5=d6563db17e4264bbbf11629bc30469e5

Woodworth, J., & Barkaoui, K. (2020). Perspectives on Using Automated Writing Evaluation Systems to Provide Written Corrective Feedback in the ESL Classroom. TESL Canada Journal, 37(2). https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v37i2.1340

Xiao, Y., & Lucking, R. (2008). The impact of two types of peer assessment on students’ performance and satisfaction within a Wiki environment. Internet and Higher Education, 11(3–4), 186–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2008.06.005

Yanti, N., Arono, A., Hiasa, F., Junaidi, F., Noermanzah, N., & Kurniawan, R. (2025). Indonesian Teachers' Roles in Designing and Utilizing AI-Powered Animated Videos: A Case Study on Classroom Practices and Character Development. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 24(6). https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.24.6.38

Zhang, Z. V, & Hyland, K. (2022). Fostering student engagement with feedback: An integrated approach. Assessing Writing, 51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asw.2021.100586

Zou, D., Xie, H., & Wang, F. L. (2022). Effects of Scaffolded Peer Assessment on Students’ Holistic Critical Thinking in Academic Writing. In R. C. Li, S. K. Cheung, P. H. Ng, L. Wong, & F. L. Wang (Eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics): Vol. 13357 LNCS (pp. 147–156). Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08939-8_13

Downloads

Published

2025-10-30